Psychology and Alchemy

People will do anything, no matter how absurd, in order to avoid facing their own souls. One does not become enlightened by imagining figures of light, but by making the darkness conscious.

People will do anything, no matter how absurd, to avoid facing their own souls. They will practice Indian yoga and all its exercises, observe a strict regimen or diet, learn theosophy by heart, or mechanically repeat mystic texts from the literature of the whole world – all because they cannot get on with themselves and have not the slightest faith that anything useful could ever come out of their souls. … It is rewarding to watch patiently the silent happenings in the soul, and the most and the best happens when it is not regulated from outside and from above. I readily admit that I have such a great respect for what happens in the human soul that I would be afraid of disturbing and distorting the silent operation of nature by clumsy interference.

When the alchemist speaks of Mercurius, on the face of it he means quicksilver (mercury), but inwardly he means the world-creating spirit concealed or imprisoned in matter. The dragon is probably the oldest pictoral symbol in alchemy of which we have documentary evidence. It appears as the Ouroboros, the tail-eater, in the Codex Marcianus, which dates from the tenth or eleventh century, together with the legend ‘the One, the All’. Time and again the alchemists reiterate that the opus proceeds from the one and leads back to the one, that it is a sort of circle like a dragon biting its own tail. For this reason the opus was often called circulare (circular) or else rota (the wheel). Mercurius stands at the beginning and end of the work: he is the prima materia, the caput corvi, the nigredo; as dragon he devours himself and as dragon he dies, to rise again in the lapis. He is the play of colours in the cauda pavonis and the division into the four elements. He is the hermaphrodite that was in the beginning, that splits into the classical brother-sister duality and is reunited in the coniunctio, to appear once again at the end in the radiant form of the lumen novum, the stone. He is metallic yet liquid, matter yet spirit, cold yet fiery, poison and yet healing draught - a symbol uniting all the opposites.

The real mystery does not behave mysteriously or secretively; it speaks a secret language, it adumbrates itself by a variety of images which all indicate its true nature. I am not speaking of a secret personally guarded by someone, with a content known to its possessor, but of a mystery, a matter or circumstance which is “secret,” i.e., known only through vague hints but essentially unknown. The real nature of matter was unknown to the alchemist: he knew it only in hints. In seeking to explore it he projected the unconscious into the darkness of matter in order to illuminate it. In order to explain the mystery of matter he projected yet another mystery - his own psychic background -into what was to be explained: Obscurum per obscurius, ignotum per ignotius! This procedure was not, of course, intentional; it was an involuntary occurrence.

If a blind man can gradually be helped to see it is not to be expected that he will at once discern new truths with an eagle eye. One must be glad if he sees anything at all, and if he begins to understand what he sees.

Man kann dem Christentum eine rückständige Entwicklung vorwerfen, wenn man das eigene Ungenügen entschuldigen will. Ich will nicht in den Fehler verfallen, dasjenige der Sache zuzuschreiben, wofür die Ungeschicktheit des Menschen in erster Linie verantwortlich ist. [...] Die Forderung der "imitatio" Christi, nämlich dem Vorbild nachzufolgen und diesem ähnlich zu werden, sollte die Entwicklung und Erhöhung des eigenen inneren Menschen bezwecken, wird aber von oberflächlichen und zur mechanischen Formelhaftigkeit neigenden Gläubigen zu einem außenstehenden Kultobjekt gemacht, welches gerade durch die Verehrung daran verhindert wird, in die Tiefe der Seele einzugreifen und letztere zu jener dem Vorbild entsprechenden Ganzheit umzuschaffen.

La exigencia de la imitación de Cristo o sea, imitar el ejemplo y llegar a ser semejantes a éste, debiera tener como objetivo el desarrollo y la elevación del hombre interior; pero el creyente superficial, que tiende a las fórmulas mecánicas, ha hecho de Cristo un objeto de culto que está fuera del hombre, al que, precisamente por la veneración, se le impide penetrar en la profundidad del alma humana y crear la integridad correspondiente al modelo que sirve de ejemplo. De esta suerte, el mediador divino se queda en una imagen exterior, mientras que el ser humano continúa siendo un fragmento intacto en lo más profundo de su naturaleza. Sí, Cristo puede ser imitado hasta la estigmatización sin que el imitador se haya ajustado ni siquiera aproximadamente al modelo y el sentido de éste. Pues no se trata sólo de una imitación pura y simple, la cual deja sin transformar a la persona, con lo que se queda en un simple artificio. Antes bien, se trata de una realización del modelo con los propios medios —Deo concedente— en la esfera de la vida individual.