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The Yellow Wall-Paper

by Charlotte Perkins Gilman

"The Yellow Wall-Paper" is a short story by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, first published in The New England Magazine in January 1892. Written as the secret journal of an unnamed narrator, it follows a woman who has been brought… more

First published 1892 · English

28 quotes ★ 4.06 (378,584) Classics

Quotes from the Book

But I MUST say what I feel and think in some way — it is such a relief! But the effort is getting to be greater than the relief.
Now why should that man have fainted? But he did,and right across my path by the wall, so that I had to creep over him every time!
It does not do to trust people too much.
John laughs at me, of course, but one expects that in marriage.
I never saw a worse paper in my life. One of those sprawling flamboyant patterns committing every artistic sin.
I am glad my case is not serious! But these nervous troubles are dreadfully depressing. John does not know how much I really suffer. He knows there is no reason to suffer, and that satisfies him.
You think you have mastered it, but just as you get well underway in following, it turns a back-somersault and there you are. It slaps you in the face, knocks you down, and tramples upon you. It is like a bad dream.
I really have discovered something at last. Through watching so much at night, when it changes so, I have finally found out. The front pattern does move - and no wonder! The woman behind shakes it! Sometimes I think there are a great many women behind, and sometimes only one, and she crawls around fast, and her crawling shakes it all over. Then in the very ' bright spots she keeps still, and in the very shady spots she just takes hold of the bars and shakes them hard. And she is all the time trying to climb through. But nobody could climb through that pattern - it strangles so:...
Nobody would believe what an effort it is to do what little I am able, - to dress and entertain, and order things
I never saw so much expression in an inanimate thing before, and we all know how much expression they have! I used to lie awake as a child and get more entertainment and terror out of blank walls and plain furniture than most children could find in a toy-store.
It is the strangest yellow, that wallpaper! It makes me think of all the yellow things I ever saw - not beautiful ones like buttercups, but old foul, bad yellow things.
I always lock the door when I creep by daylight.
John doesn't know how much I really suffer. He knows there is no reason to suffer, and that satisfies him. It is getting to be a great effort for me to think straight. Just this nervous weakness I suppose.
I cry at nothing, and cry most of the time.
John does not know how much I really suffer. He knows there is no REASON to suffer, and that satisfies him.
He is very careful and loving, and hardly lets me stir without special direction. I have a schedule prescription for each hour in the day; he takes all care from me, and so I feel basely ungrateful not to value it more.
The color is repellant, almost revolting; a smouldering unclean yellow, strangely faded by the slow-turning sunlight. It is a dull yet lurid orange in some places, a sickly sulphur tint in others. No wonder the children hated it! I should hate it myself if I had to live in this room long
It is so hard to talk with John about my case, because he is so wise, and because he loves me so.
The fact is I am getting a little afraid of John.
John says I musn't lose my strength, and has me take cod liver oil and lots of tonics and things, to say nothing of ale and wine and rare meat. Dear John! He loves me very dearly, and hates to have me sick. I tried to have a real earnest reasonable talk with him the other day, and tell him how I wish he would let me go and make a visit to Cousin Henry and Julia. But he said I wasn't able to go, nor able to stand it after I got there; and I did not make out a very good case for myself, for I was crying before I had finished. It is getting to be a great effort for me to think straight. Just this nervous weakness I suppose. And dear John gathered me up in his arms, and just carried me upstairs and laid me on the bed, and sat by me and read to me till it tired my head. He said I was his darling and his comfort and all he had, and that I must take care of myself for his sake, and keep well.
The front pattern DOES move—and no wonder! The woman behind shakes it!
f a physician of high standing, and one’s own husband, assures friends and relatives that there is really nothing the matter with one but temporary nervous depression—a slight hysterical tendency—what is one to do? . . . So I take phosphates or phosphites—whichever it is, and tonics, and journeys, and air, and exercise, and am absolutely forbidden to “work” until I am well again. Personally, I disagree with their ideas . . .
He is very careful and loving, and hardly lets me stir without special direction.
John says if I don't pick up faster he shall send me to Weir Mitchell in the fall. But I don't want to go there at all. I had a friend who was in his hands once, and she says he is just like John and my brother, only more so! Besides, it is such an undertaking to go so far. I don't feel as if it was worth while to turn my hand over for anything, and I'm getting dreadfully fretful and querulous. I cry at nothing, and cry most of the time. Of course I don't when John is here, or anybody else, but when I am alone.
John dear!" said I in the gentlest voice, "the key is down by the front steps, under a plantain leaf!" That silenced him for a few moments. Then he said—very quietly indeed, "Open the door, my darling!" "I can't," said I. "The key is down by the front door under a plantain leaf!" And then I said it again, several times, very gently and slowly, and said it so often that he had to go and see, and he got it of course, and came in.
It is getting to be a great effort for me to think straight. Just this nervous weakness I suppose.
The color is hideous enough, and unreliable enough, and infuriating enough, but the pattern is torturing.
He says no one but myself can help me out of it, that I must use my will and self-control and not let any silly fancies run away with me.

Did you know?

  • The story was first published in The New England Magazine in January 1892.
  • It is written entirely as the secret journal entries of an unnamed first-person narrator.
  • Gilman drew on her own experience of postpartum depression and the "rest cure" prescribed to her by neurologist S. Weir Mitchell.
  • The narrator's husband, John, is a physician who dismisses her illness and enforces her confinement.
  • Largely overlooked for decades, the story was rediscovered and championed by feminist scholars in the 1970s.

About Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Charlotte Anna Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) was an American feminist writer, lecturer, and social theorist, best known for the semi-autobiographical short story "The Yellow Wall-Paper" (1892) and the treatise "Women and Economics" (1898).

More about the author →

About the book

"The Yellow Wall-Paper" is a short story by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, first published in The New England Magazine in January 1892. Written as the secret journal of an unnamed narrator, it follows a woman who has been brought to a rented country mansion by her physician husband, John, to recover from what he calls a "temporary nervous depression." Confined to an upstairs room and forbidden to work or write, she becomes increasingly fixated on the room's sprawling, sickly yellow wallpaper.

As the enforced idleness of the "rest cure" wears on, the narrator begins to see a figure moving behind the wallpaper's pattern, eventually convincing herself that a woman is trapped there and struggling to get free. Her grip on reality loosens over the course of the summer until, in the story's climax, she strips the paper from the walls and creeps around the room, having merged her own identity with the trapped woman she imagined.

The story is a landmark of feminist literature and a pointed critique of the medical and social treatment of women in the late nineteenth century, drawing on Gilman's own experience with the "rest cure" prescribed for postpartum depression. Widely rediscovered in the 1970s, it is now a staple of literature courses, read as a study of how patriarchal authority, medical paternalism, and the denial of women's creative and intellectual agency can drive a mind to breakdown.

Key characters

  • The narratorUnnamed woman confined for a nervous illness whose journal tells the story
  • JohnThe narrator's husband and physician who prescribes her rest and confinement
  • JennieJohn's sister, who keeps house and watches over the narrator

Book details

First published
1892
Goodreads rating
4.06 (379k ratings)
First line
“It is very seldom that mere ordinary people like John and myself secure ancestral halls for the summer.”

Movie & TV adaptations

  • IMDb
    The Yellow Wallpaper 1989

    BBC television film shown on Masterpiece Theatre

  • IMDb
    The Yellow Wallpaper 2011

    Feature film directed by Logan Thomas

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  2. 2
    The Bell JarSylvia Plath's semi-autobiographical account of a young woman's mental breakdown and treatment
  3. 3
    HerlandGilman's own utopian novel developing her feminist critique of gender roles

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