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Robinson Crusoe

by Daniel Defoe

Robinson Crusoe, published in 1719, follows a restless young Englishman from York who ignores his father's advice to settle into a comfortable middle-class life and instead goes to sea. After a series of misadventures… more

First published 1719 · English

29 quotes ★ 3.68 (336,374) Classics

Quotes from the Book

It is never too late to be wise.
Thus fear of danger is ten thousand times more terrifying than danger itself.
Those people cannot enjoy comfortably what God has given them because they see and covet what He has not given them. All of our discontents for what we want appear to me to spring from want of thankfulness for what we have.
Thus we never see the true state of our condition till it is illustrated to us by its contraries, nor know how to value what we enjoy, but by the want of it.
I have since often observed, how incongruous and irrational the common temper of mankind is, especially of youth ... that they are not ashamed to sin, and yet are ashamed to repent; not ashamed of the action for which they ought justly to be esteemed fools, but are ashamed of the returning, which only can make them be esteemed wise men.
I learned to look more upon the bright side of my condition, and less upon the dark side, and to consider what I enjoyed, rather than what I wanted : and this gave me sometimes such secret comforts, that I cannot express them ; and which I take notice of here, to put those discontented people in mind of it, who cannot enjoy comfortably what God has given them, because they see and covet something that he has not given them. All our discontents about what we want appeared to me to spring from the want of thankfulness for what we have.
Thus fear of danger is ten thousand times more terrifying than danger itself when apparent to the eyes ; and we find the burden of anxiety greater, by much, than the evil which we are anxious about : ...
It put me upon reflecting how little repining there would be among mankind at any condition of life, if people would rather compare their condition with those that were worse, in order to be thankful, than be always comparing them with those which are better, to assist their murmurings and complaining.
All our discontents about what we want appeared to me to spring from the want of thankfulness for what we have.
Redemption from sin is greater then redemption from affliction.
And I add this part here, to hint to whoever shall read it, that whenever they come to a true Sense of things, they will find Deliverance from Sin a much greater Blessing than Deliverance from Affliction.
All evils are to be considered with the good that is in them, and with what worse attends them.
I know not what to call this, nor will I urge that it is a secret, overruling decree, that hurries us on to be the instruments of our own destruction, even though it be before us, and that we rush upon it with our eyes open.
[...] and now I saw, though too late, the folly of beginning a work before we count the cost, and before we judge rightly of our own strength to go through with it.
This grieved me heartily ; and now I saw, though too late, the folly of beginning a work before we count the cost, and before we judge rightly of our own strength to go through with it.
...in the course of our lives, the evil which in itself we seek most to shun, and which, when we are fallen into, is the most dreadful to us, is oftentimes the very means or door of our deliverance, by which alone we can be raised again from the affliction we are fallen into...
...I should always find, the calamities of life were shared among the upper and lower part of mankind; but that middle station had the fewest disasters, and was not exposed to so many vicissitudes as the higher or lower part of mankind; nay, they were not subjected to so many distempers and uneasinesses either of body or mind, as those were who, by vicious living, luxury, and extravagances on one hand, or by hard labor, want of necessaries, and mean or insufficient diet on the other hand, bring distempers upon themselves by the natural consequences of their way of living; that the middle station of life was calculated for all kind of virtues and all kind of enjoyments; that peace and plenty were the handmaids of a middle fortune; that temperance, moderation, quietness, health, society, all agreeable diversions, and all desirable pleasures, were the blessings attending the middle station of life...
These reflections made me very sensible of the goodness of Providence to me, and very thankful for my present condition, with all its hardships and misfortunes ; and this part also I cannot but recommend to the reflection of those who are apt, in their misery, to say, Is any affliction like mine? Let them consider how much worse the cases of some people are, and their case might have been, if Providence had thought fit.
Call upon me in the Day of Trouble, and I will deliver, and thou shalt glorify me...Wait on the Lord, and be of good Cheer, and he shall strengthen thy Heart; wait, I say, on the Lord:' It is impossible to express the Comfort this gave me. In Answer, I thankfully laid down the Book, and was no more sad, at least, not on that Occasion.
Wait on the Lord, and be of good cheer, and he shall strengthen thy heart; wait, I say, on the Lord.
How mercifully can our Creator treat His creatures, even in those conditions in which they seemed to be overwhelmed in destruction! How can He sweeten the bitterest providences, and give us cause to praise Him for dungeons and prisons! What a table was here spread for me in a wilderness where I saw nothing at first but to perish for hunger!
But, he says again, if God much strong, much might as the Devil, why God no kill the Devil, so make him no more do wicked? I was strangely surprised at his question, [...] And at first I could not tell what to say, so I pretended not to hear him...
From this moment I began to conclude in my mind that it was possible for me to be more happy in this forsaken, solitary condition that it was possible I should ever have been in any other particular state in the world; and with this thought I was going to give thanks to God for bringing me to this place.
I could not forbear getting up to the top of a little mountain, and looking out to sea, in hopes of seeing a ship : then fancy that, at a vast distance, I spied a sail, please myself with the hopes of it, and, after looking steadily, till I was almost blind, lose it quite, and sit down and weep like a child, and thus increase my misery by my folly.
How strange a Chequer Work of Providence is the Life of Man! and by what secret differing Springs are the Affections hurry'd about as differing Circumstances present! To Day we love what to Morrow we hate; to Day we seek what to Morrow we shun; to Day we desire what to Morrow we fear; nay even tremble at the Apprehensions of;
I smil'd to my self at the sight of this money, O drug! said I aloud, what art thou good for? Thou art not worth to me, no not the taking off of the ground, one of those knives is worth all this heap, I have no manner of use for thee, e'en remain where thou art, and go to the bottom as a creature whose life is not worth saving. However, upon second thoughts, I took it away...
What is this earth and sea of which I have seen so much? Whence is it produced? And what am I and all the other creatures, wild and tame, humane and brutal? Whence are we? Sure we are all made by some secret power, who formed the earth and sea, the air and sky; and who is that? Then it followed most naturally, It is God that has made it all. Well, but then it came on strangely, if God has made all these things, He guides and governs them all, and all things that concern them; for the power that could make all things must certainly have power to guide and direct them. If so, nothing can happen in the great circuit of His works, either without His knowledge or appointment. And if nothing happens without His knowledge, He knows that I am here, and am in this dreadful condition; and if nothing happens without His appointment, He has appointed all this to befall me. Nothing occurred to my thought to contradict any of these conclusions; and therefore it rested upon me with the greater force that it must need be, that God had appointed all this to befall me; that I was brought to this miserable circumstance by His direction, He having the sole power, not of me only, but of every thing that happened in the world. Immediately it followed: Why has God done this to me? What have I done to be thus used?
But how just it has been! And how should all men reflect, that when they compare their present conditions with others that are worse, Heaven may oblige them to make the exchange, and be convinced of their former felicity by their experience...
Daniel Defoe was an English writer, journalist and spy, who gained enduring fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe. Defoe is notable for being one of the earliest practitioners of the novel and helped popularize the genre in Britain. In some texts he is even referred to as one of the founders, if not the founder, of the English novel. A prolific and versatile writer, he wrote over five hundred books, pamphlets, and journals on various topics (including politics, crime, religion, marriage, psychology and the supernatural). He was also a pioneer of economic journalism. Source: Wikipedia

Did you know?

  • The novel's full original title begins "The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, of York, Mariner."
  • It was first published on 25 April 1719 in London by the bookseller William Taylor.
  • The story is widely thought to have been inspired in part by the real castaway experience of the Scottish sailor Alexander Selkirk.
  • The book spawned an entire literary genre of castaway stories known as the "Robinsonade."
  • Defoe wrote two sequels, The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe (1719) and Serious Reflections (1720).
  • Robinson Crusoe is frequently cited as one of the first novels written in English.

About Daniel Defoe

Daniel Defoe (c. 1660-1731) was an English writer, journalist, and pamphleteer who came to fiction late in life after a prolific career in political and satirical writing. He is best remembered for Robinson Crusoe and Moll Flanders and is often regarded as one of the founders of the English novel.

More about the author →

About the book

Robinson Crusoe, published in 1719, follows a restless young Englishman from York who ignores his father's advice to settle into a comfortable middle-class life and instead goes to sea. After a series of misadventures, including a spell of slavery and a stint as a Brazilian plantation owner, he is shipwrecked on a remote uninhabited island near the mouth of the Orinoco, the sole survivor of his crew. Over some twenty-eight years he salvages what he can from the wreck, builds shelter, raises crops and goats, and slowly transforms the wilderness into a domain he can survive in, before eventually rescuing a native he names Friday and finally securing passage home.

At its heart the book is a story about solitude, self-reliance, and the making of order out of nothing. Defoe weaves through Crusoe's practical labors a strong current of religious reflection: the castaway reads his shipwreck as divine judgment and his survival as providence, and his years alone become a slow spiritual conversion. The novel also foregrounds themes of economic individualism, the relationship between civilization and nature, and the colonial encounter, particularly in Crusoe's assumption of mastery over Friday, whom he teaches English and Christianity.

Often described as one of the first English novels and a foundational work of realistic fiction, Robinson Crusoe was an immediate popular success, running through multiple printings within its first year. It gave rise to an entire genre of castaway tales known as the "Robinsonade" and has remained continuously in print for three centuries, inspiring countless adaptations, imitations, and critical debates about individualism, faith, and empire.

Key characters

  • Robinson CrusoeCastaway protagonist and narrator who survives decades alone on a deserted island
  • FridayNative man Crusoe rescues from cannibals, who becomes his companion and servant
  • XuryBoy who accompanies Crusoe in his escape from slavery in North Africa
  • The Portuguese sea captainRescues Crusoe at sea and later helps manage his Brazilian fortune
  • The SpaniardPrisoner Crusoe frees who assists with plans to leave the island

Book details

First published
1719
Goodreads rating
3.68 (336k ratings)
First line
“I was born in the year 1632, in the city of York, of a good family, though not of that country, my father being a foreigner of Bremen, who settled first at Hull.”

Series & reading order

  1. 1 Robinson Crusoe
  2. 2 The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
  3. 3 Serious Reflections During the Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe

Movie & TV adaptations

  • IMDb
    Robinson Crusoe 1954

    Adventure film directed by Luis Bunuel, starring Dan O'Herlihy as Crusoe.

  • IMDb
    Crusoe 1988

    British drama film directed by Caleb Deschanel, starring Aidan Quinn.

If you liked this, read…

  1. 1
    Gulliver's TravelsAnother foundational 18th-century English travel-and-survival narrative satirizing society.
  2. 2
    The Swiss Family RobinsonA classic castaway story directly inspired by Crusoe's island survival.
  3. 3
    FoeJ.M. Coetzee's novel reimagines the Crusoe story from a new perspective.

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